Swinging doors

ABSTRACT

A swinging door comprising a vane supported about an axis, wherein the vane comprises a first portion of predetermined width and a second portion of greater predetermined width. The first portion is attached to the second portion so as to make a predetermined angle therewith of between 90* and 175* and the axis is adjoined within the first portion or is in the region of the plane of the second portion.

United States Patent 1191 Economon May 21, 1974 [5 SWINGING DOORS2,549,451 I 4/1951 Gossling 49/42 x 2,309,893 2/1943 Gersbach.... 49/46[76] Invemm- 332g: g:"3' 8 5 2,939,527 6/1960 Cann 49/371 x 8 7 FOREIGNPATENTS OR APPLICATIONS [22] l9 1 1,093,256 11/1960 Germany 49/460 21 1N 205,947 813,693 9/1951 Germany 49/460 i Application Data PrimaryExaminer-Kenneth Downey [63] Continuation-impart of Ser. No. 109,788,Jan. 26, Attorney, Agent Fi Ri h -d P C l y 1971, Pat, No. 3,726,044.

52 us. c1 49/9, 49/34, 49/49 [57] 51 1111.01 E0lf 13/00 A swmgmg qcomprlsmg a t supported about [58] Field of Search 49/9, 34, 42, 49, 46,386, an ax1s, wherein the vane compnses a first portion of 49/460, 462160/37 predetermined width and a second portion of greater predeterminedwidth. The first portion is attached to [56] References Cited the secondportion so as to make a predetermined UNITED STATES PATENTS angletherewith of between 90 and 175 and the axis 3 380 19] 4 1968 N ff 1 4949 is adjoined within the first portion or is in the region 3,09l.8I86x963 I Cleaerk et a X of the plane of the second portion 2:688:1649/1954 Nelson mm: 49/386 x 25 Claims, 19 Drawing Figures PATENTEMM 2 1m4 SHEET 1 OF 4 PRIOR ART (CLOSED) FIG I PRIOR ART (OPEN) A SHiET 2 OF 4f 42 I/ \Q/ 42 CLOSED OPEN ns 5 B CLOSED OPEN 44 44 PRIOR ART TRAFFICFLOW 72 TRAFFIC FLOW PATENTEBIAYZI m 381 1 222- SWINGING DOORS Thisapplication is a continuation-impart of U.S. Pat. application Ser. No.109,788, filed Jan. 26, 1971 (now U.S. Pat. No. 3,726,044, issued Apr.10, 1973).

This invention relates to improvements in vanes such as used in doorsand similar mechanisms in buildings, structures or vehicles. It relatesgenerally to movable partitions connecting or separating two or severalregions. In particular, the invention relates to a vane construction tobe used as replacement of conventional swinging doors.

Principal objects of the invention include the provision of an improvedvane construction which, without substantially increasing the expense ofmanufacture or the difficulty of installation, makes for a door which ismore comfortable to operate and more efficient in the management oftraffic flow. As used herein door will be understood to include variouskinds of portals whether designed to accept human, animal, .or conveyedinanimate traffic. Furthermore, it is intended to include vanessupported about axes which are other than vertical.

To achieve these ends, one aspect of the invention contemplates a doorincluding a vane extending outward from the longitudinal axis of avertical set of hinges. The primary characteristic feature ofconstruction is the L-shaped conjunction at an angle A of two or moreportions or partial folding of one member to comprise each vane. Whilepreferably planar, these vane portions may be curved surfaces. The angleA of attachment (or of the fold of one member) of two such portions ispresently preferred to be an obtuse angle of approximately 140 but maybe set at any predetermined value between 90 and 175 dependinguponselected operating conditions. The criteria of vane design are chieflythe intersection and attachment of two' portions where one portion isthe same or greater in width and having the same or different height.These L- shaped doors may be radially or tangentially hinged orpivot-mounted either singly or as double doors in any conventionalmanner to a door casing or wall.

More particularly, according to the invention, the vane itself issupported aboutan axis and comprises a first portion of predeterminedwidth which is attached at an angle A to a second portion of a greaterpredetermined width, the predetermined angle A of attachment beingbetween 90 and 175. The axis is either in the plane of the secondportion or adjoined with the first portion. In one preferred embodimentL-shaped double doors are provided with the second predetermined widthbeing greater than the first predetermined width and each having animpact receiving means mounted thereupon in the region of attachment ofthe two vane portions.

Other objects, features and advantages will be apparent from thefollowing description of preferred embodiments of the invention. In thedrawings:

FIG. I is a diagrammatic illustration of a prior art emergency exitaccess door to a stairway enclosure containing stairs and landing;

FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic illustration of a door constructed according tothe invention and employed as an emergency exit access door to astairway enclosure containing stairs and landing;

FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic illustration of another door constructedaccording to the invention and employed also as an emergency exit accessdoor to a stairway enclosure containing stairs and landing;

FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic illustration of a door constructed according tothe invention and installed with a panic pushbar safety release, thedoor being employed as an emergency access exit door from a stairwayenclosure containing terminal stairs and landing;

FIG. 5 is a generalized diagrammatic illustration of L-shaped swingingsingle doors according to the invention;

FIG. 6 is a generalized diagrammatic illustration of L-shaped swingingdouble doors according to the invention;

FIG. 7 is a diagrammatic illustration of a passageway containing anarray of L-shaped swinging single doors;

FIG. 8 is a diagrammatic illustration of a passageway containing adifferent array of L-shaped swinging single doors;

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of double doors constructed according tothe invention and adapted as impact doors;

FIG. 10 is a diagrammatic view of prior art impact doors;

FIG. 11A is a diagrammaticview of impact doors such as shown in FIG. 9in a closed configuration;

FIG. 11B is a diagrammatic view of the doors of FIG. A with a vehiclepassing therethrough;

FIGS. 12A, 12B, and 12C illustrate various impact receiving means forimpact doors constructed according to the invention;

FIG. 13 illustrates diagrammatically a modified L- shaped impact doorconstructed according to the invention;

FIG. 14 is a diagrammatic plan view of double-sided L-shaped impactdoors mounted in a double door configuration;

FIG. 15 is a perspective view ofa pair of doors illustrating alternativeembodiments of double-sided impact doors;

FIGS. 16A and 16B illustrate doors constructed according to theinvention and mounted to swing about a horizontal support axis at therear of a vehicle.

FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of a typical prior artemergencyexit access door leading to a stairway enclosure containing stairs 102and 104 and landing as used for emergency egress in multi-storybuildings.

The door 106 is vertically side-hinged at hinge 108 adjacent a corner ofthe landing and swings directly into Vmulti-line traffic descendingstairs 104 from the landing above. Persons inthe line of trafficdescending stairs 104 nearest the inner wall of the stairway enclosuremust when door 106 swings abruptly and without forewaming reduce theirspeed and change direction in order to merge as required to stairs 1 02descending to the landing below. The individual or persons adjacent thedoor at the unexpected moment of opening may initially incur frontalinjuries as the edge of door 106 is thrust directly into his or theirpath. The possible injury, restriction of passageway, and resultantcongestion of merging traffic may cause one person to stumble and fallon stairs 102 thus obstructing traffic which may precipitate a paniccondition. It is well recognized that the probability of serious panicis greatest when there is stoppage of emergency traffic and when largenumbers of people are confined in a restricted area such as a stairwayenclosure.

In this invention egress comprises, both horizontal and vertical passagewhich in an emergency is a continuous and unobstructed .way of exit fromwithin a building, structure, or vehicle to a safe and remote shelter.Exit access swinging fire doors are designed to restrict the spread offire and are kept normally closed, that is,

self-closing upon release, and generally swing in the direction of exittraffic.

As seen in the doors of FIGS. 2 and 3 the vane portions intersect withan obtuse angle A of attachment. While a single member may be bent toproduce the two portions of each vane, the vanes may also constituteseparate pieces maintained at an obtuse angle A by any conventionalmeans. I

In F IG. 2 the axis of hinge I 14 is adjoined with or adjacent to thenarrower vane portion of door 112 while in FIG. 3 the axis of hinge l 18is adjoined with or adjacent to the wider vane portion of door 116. Ineither case, it will be apparent that the doors swing in the directionof exiting traffic and that the flow of horizontal traffic through theopening of door 112 or 116 is guided to the left of the down stairway102 and flow of downward traffic from the upper landing is guided to theright of stairway 102. In no position of its swing does either doorblock the stairs or landing. When these doors are closed the flow ofvertical traffic is unaltered.

In their normally closed position visual sighting of these L-shapeddoors among their immediate surroundings is easily achieved and willprevent uncertainty of locating a sufficient means of egress underconditions of anxiety. Exit markings on the vertical panel of the vaneportion facing the expected predominant flow of traffic along withconventional illumination will constitute an effective display. Smallvision panels of wired glass installed in the vane portions are indifferent planes with respect to the adjacent walls; persons approachingare made more aware of the door and the visual field of view for personspassing through the door opening provides a more useful and obviousperspective for avoiding collisions with persons who may otherwise bestruck by the door. I

FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic illustration of a door constructed according tothe invention and employed as an exit access door leading from astairway enclosure containing terminal stairs and landing. Alsoillustrated is a panic pushbar safety release 62 hinged or pivotmountedat one end on the portion of door 120 remote from hinge 122. Whenpressure is applied the angular movement of this access pushbar in thedirection of traffic flow will unlatch and enable the door to swing toits full opening.

All the aforedescribed L-shaped emergency exit access doors have beendepicted optimally as one-way doors; however in other embodiments theymay be selfclosing double-acting doors. Also, all doors may be left orright-hand mounted.

Further embodiments of this L-shaped vane configuration include itsincorporation as replacement of conventional doors which swing on pivotsor hinges generally along one side. Typical implementations as singleand double door systems are shown in FIGS. -8.

A prior art single planar door is shown in FIG. 5A where the door 40 ismounted to swing about axis 42 defined by the location of the mechanismsby which the door is attached to the wall 44. My angled vane door 46 isshown in FIGS. 53 and 5C. FIG. 6 illustrates a double doorconfiguration. In both single and double L-shaped door configurations,but chiefly in the double door construction, the vanes 46 when openedmay serve as guides for channeling traffic through each unit.(Conventional apparatus to restrict the swing of the single or doubledoor units and a spring, or similar, return mechanism for closure may beprovided.) Under some wind conditions larger forces would be necessaryto open conventional swinging doors than my angled vane doors.

These doors may serve as exits only or also for admittance. Mosteffective transit is achieved at directions oblique to the primary wallwhich may. additionally be parallel or convergent with respect toanother wall with a passageway of any form between these walls. Asituation is illustrated in FIG. 7 where the direction of traffic flowin corridor 50 is indicated. (The traffic may be humans or animalswalking or being conveyed.) The doors 54, 56, S8, and 60 illustratedifferent angles A of attachment between intersecting vane portions ofdifferent dimensions. Easier and more comfortable transit is attained bydesigning these L-shaped doors with an optimum angle Aof attachment andproper scaling and sizing of vane portions, considering expectedpredominant directions and magnitudes of traffic flow. A conventionalswinging door in the plane-of corridor wall 52 would not be as efficientto open and pass therethrough since thedirection of approach isperpendicular to the indicated direction of travel. Another situation isindicated in FIG. 8 where secondary traffic from rooms, (e.g., definedby walls 82, 83) etc., merge into existing traffic in passageway throughdoors 71-74.

The horizontally swinging pushbar safety release 62 previously showninFIG. 4 and typically illustrated again as item 62 in door 58 of FIG. 7anddoor 73 of FIG. 8 may be hinged or pivot-mounted and constructed toactuate a locking mechanism (not shown) in any conventional manner andto provide a platform for applying forces to open all doors of FIGS.2-8. Alternatively, the pushbar may be mounted in a fixed positionrelative to the door.

While a single member. may be bent to produce the two portions of eachvane, the vanes may also constitute separate pieces maintained rigidlyor releasable at an obtuse angle A by any conventional means, e.g., firmor reflex angle ties. The ties provide for achieving an angularrelationship of inner and outer vane portions which may be selectivelyvaried and set at any predetermined value between 90 and In doorassemblies in which the top portion of the casing is configured toaccept a specific door (or doors) of selected angle A of attachment andpredetermined widths of vane portions, a superior weather or airlockseal may be effected due to the sealing action of the L-shaped outlinewhen the door opening is closed. Better sound reducing properties mayalso result. It should also be noted that the provision of a flexibleextension (not shown) at the edge most distal from the verticalsupporting hinge facilitates adjustment of angle A of attachment, sinceas angle A is made smaller the outer vane portion will retract somewhatfrom the casing. Fine adjustment of angle A would be useful to maintaina desired degree of seal.

In addition to conventional Weatherstripping, windows, oil seals,locking mechanisms, handles, etc., a canopy and sill along withreinforcing ties between vaneportions may also be provided.

Metering devices or coin stops for counting single persons or platoonsof people or objects or for maintaining or changing traffic flow ratesare all compatible with these doors. Depending upon anticipated orexperienced capacities, the number of vane portions may be changed andcorresponding heights varied. Variation of width of the vane portionsfor passage of single or multiple entities through separate doorenclosures installed in any optimum distribution pattern (consecutive,staggered, etc.,) is also assumed. These L-shaped swinging doors may beleft or right-hand mounted in any conventional manner.

FIG. 9 illustrates another embodiment of a pair of doors constructed inaccordance with the present invention as impact doors. Each door 10 isside mounted to vertical support 11 along one edge by a series ofjointed or flexible hinges 12 (or, alternatively, one continuous hinge)and comprises a first vane portion 13 adjacent the axis of these hingesand a second vane portion 14 rigidly attached to the first portionmaking an obtuse angle A of attachment. While angle A is preferably setat 130 any fixed value between 90 and 175 may be employed. Impactreceiving means for absorbing energy imparted by the striking body(sharpcornered pallet vehicles, etc.) may be provided in the form ofvertically disposed bumpers 17 mounted on door 10 along the line ofattachment of vane portions 13 and 14. An overhanging canopy (not shown)may be used to cover one or both of the triangular openings above eachdoor assembly. These canopies may be configured to the particularopenings or extend beyond the doors and preferably be separatelyattached for ventilation pusposes. Widows 15, 16 are also provided.

A typical prior art impact double door is shown in FIG. 10 where thestriking faces 24 of each door 22 are or are not covered with resilientmaterial to serve as cushioned nosing.

As shown in FIG. 11A L-shaped impact doors effectively provide aconstricted impact region for encountering striking forces which willresult in more direct opening of the doors. FIG. 11B is a diagrammaticview of the doors of FIG. 11A with a vehicle passing therethrough.

The L-shaped configuration of impact doors constructed according to theinvention inherently provides a small region for impact thus making itmore feasible to incorporate a local control actuator for automaticopening of the door using conventional mechanisms. The actuator may beinstalled as an integral part of the impact bumper.

Shown in FIG. 12 are details of three different impact bumpers which maytypically be utilized as units 17 in FIGS. 9 and 11. A resilient impactunit is diagrammatic-ally shown in FIG. 12A where resilient material 84is used to deaden the impact and is shielded with a loop 86 of springsteel or synthetic material. FIG. 12B illustrates a roller constructionwhere impact cylindrical roller 88 is positioned vertically along theline of attachment of the two vane portions adjacent to which isresilient material 84 surrounded by a follower strip 89 on vane portion13. These impact rollers would reduce frictional contact with thepassing vehicle and may be of resilient material. FIG. 12C shows -asomewhat triangular region of resilient material 84 shielded by acontoured strip 90 and formed as an integral part of the door within theregion of angle A of attachment of vane portions 13 and 14. Theseconfigurations continue to exhibit a constricted impact region forencountering and absorbing energy from the striking body so as to reducefatigue and ultimate destruction of the side hinges and door. Reactiveforces to the vehicle in transit would also be reduced.

A further embodiment is diagrammatically illustrated in FIG. 13 wherethe impact unit of FIG. 12A is used and the two vane portions 13 and 14are hinged along their line of attachment. While the predetermined angleA of attachment obtains in the rest position of portions 13 and 14, theportions may swing relative to each other. Portions l3 and 14 areadditionally joined by a shock absorber 97 and compression spring 98.The principle of construction is that the vane portions 13 and 14 ofeach side door tend to swing apart upon impact but that theirdisplacement is clamped as energy is absorbed by unit 97 and as spring98 tends to return the vane portions to their predetermined angularpositions. The flexible outer flap 99 along the edge most distal fromthe hinge axis will be compressed somewhat against the flap of itsconjugate door when, upon impact, the angle A of attachment willtemporarily increase.

FIG. 14 is a diagrammatic illustration of a form of L- shapeddouble-acting impact door which may more easily accept traffic fromeither direction of approach and it is contemplated that selected impactmeans for the same door assembly would, in fact, be of identicalconstruction. The inner space 25 of each door may be used as anadvertising, decorative display, or exhibit case in applications otherthan as impact doors (e.g., as in doors of commercial buildings ormuseums.)

FIG. 15 is a drawing of a modification of FIG. 9 in the dual-approachaspect of FIG. 14. The left door 30 comprises a front section which isvirtually identical to the left door 10 of FIG. 9. Door 30, however, isconstructed with an asymmetric section facing in the opposite directionand rigidly joined to the front section. Items in this second section ofdoor 30 have been correspondingly numbered but including letter asubscripts.

The right door 32 of FIG. 15 has a rear section similar to that of door30 with vane portions 13a and 14a having windows 15a and 16a,respectively. Instead of having a full front section as door 30, thefront striking face of door 32 has a first panel 33 and a second panel34 which are of reduced height and are attached with the same angle A onvane portions 13a and 14a. It will be apparent that the unit 36 composedof panels 33 and 34 and impact bumper 35 or any of the bumpersillustrated in FIG. 12 may be mounted on conventional planar doors. Allof the herein described angled vane impact double doors may also beseparately installed as single-section impact doors with perimeterweather seals and return closure mechanisms FIG. 16 is an embodiment ofL-shaped doors constructed according to the present invention asutilized in vehicles such as tractor trailers, railroad freight cars,gravel trucks, etc. FIG. 16A depicts a rear tailgate aspect of the bodyof a gravel truck where an L-shaped gate 127 is horizontally pivoted atpoints 130 along the line of attachment of vane portions 132 and 134.When the truck is fully laden the load would tend to help upper portion132 to maintain the tailgate in closed position until mechanicallydisengaged and the body is inclined for dumping. An alternateconfiguration is indicated in FIG. 168 where the wider vane portion 134is horizontally pivoted. These L-shaped doors may additionally bemounted along the sides or ends of-vehicles.

While particular embodiments of doors constructed 7 according to theinvention have been described in deaha doorframe comprising upright andtransverse members defining a'doorway;

b. a vertically disposed axis comprising a vertical axis support memberdisposed between the upright members of the doorframe;

c. a door vane member which comprises a first and second vane portion,and which is adapted to swing about the vertically disposed axis;

d. the first portion adjoined to thevertically disposed axis formovement of the door vane member about said axis;

e. each side of the first and second portions being in a continuousplan;

f. the first portion-adjoined to the second portion;

g. the outermost part of the second portion adapted to be placed in aclosed-door relationship with the doorframe;

h. each side of the second portion making an angle with the firstportion of between 90 and 175;

. the angular adjoinment of the first and second portions directedtoward the flow of impact traffic through the doorway; and I j. theangular adjoinment of the first and second vane portions positionedaside the center of and within the doorway when the door vane member isin a closed-door position with the doorframe.

2. The door of claim I wherein the angle is approximately 140.

7. The door of claim 1 which includes a resilient material positionedwithin the somewhat triangular region defined by the adjoinment of thefirst and second portions.

8. The door of claim I which includes restraining means to prevent eachside of the second portion from making an angle with the first portiongreater than the predetermined angle. I

9. The door of claim 8 wherein the restraining means comprises a reflexangle tie.

10. A swinging door which comprises in combination:

a. a doorframe comprising upright and transverse members defining adoorway; b. a vertically disposed axis comprising a vertical axissupport member disposed between the upright members of the doorframe;

c. a first door vane member which comprises a first and second vaneportion, and which is adapted to swing about the vertically disposedaxis,

i. the first portion adjoined to the vertically dis posed axis formovement of the door vane member about said axis,

ii. each side of the first and second portions being in a continuousplane,

iii. the first portion adjoined to the second portion,

iv. the outermost part of the second portion adapted to be placed in aclosed-door relationship with the doorframe,

v. each side of the second portion making an angle with the firt portionof between and d. a second door vane member comprising a first andsecond vane portion,

i. the first portion of the second door vane member adjoined to thevertically disposed axis for movement of the second door vane memberwith the first door vane member about said axis,

ii. each side of the first and second portions of the second door vanemember being in a continuous plane,

iii. the first portion of the second door vane member adjoined to thesecond portion of the second door vane member,

iv. the outermost part of the second portion of the second door vanemember in a closed-door relationship with the doorframe, and in a closerelationship with the outermost part of the second portion of the firstdoor vane member, so as to define a somewhat diamond-like space betweenthe first and second door vane members,

v. each side of the second portion of the second door vane member makingan angle with the first portion of the second door vane member ofbetween 90 and 175; and

e. the angular adjoinment of the first and second portions of the seconddoor vane member directed away from the angular adjoinment of the firstand second portions of the first door vane member.

11, The door of claim 10 wherein each side of the second portion isadjoined with the first portion at an angle of approximately l40 foreach first and second door vane member, and-the first and secondportions of each first and second door vane member are of essentiallyuniform thickness.

- 12. A double-impact door which comprises in combination:

a. a doorframe comprising upright and transverse members defining adoorway;

b. a first and second vertically disposed axis, each comprising avertical axis support member disposed between the upright members of thedoorframe;

c. a first and second door vane member, each comprising a firstand'second portion, the first door vane member adapted to swing aboutthe first vertically disposed axis, and the second door vane memberadapted to swing about the second verticaliy disposed axis;

d. the first portion of each first and second door vane member isadjoined to the first and second vertically disposed axes respectivelyfor separate movement of the first and second door vane members aboutsaid axes;

e. each side of the first and second portions of each first and seconddoor vane member being in a continuous plane;

f. the first portion of each first and second door vane member adjoinedto the second portion of each first and second door vane member,respectively;

g. the outermost part of the second portion of each first and seconddoor vane member in a close proximity relationship with each other wheneach door vane member is in a closed-door position;

h. each side of the second portion of each first and second door vanemember making an angle between 90 and 175 with the first portion of eachfirst and second door vane member, respectively;

. the first and second door vane members in a nonplanar relationshipwhen the outermost portions of the vane .members are in a closed-doorrelationship within the doorway; and

j. the angular adjoinment of the first and second portions of each doorvane member defining a some-- what triangular impact region extendingoutwardly towards the flow of traffic, whereby trafiic approachingthedoorway strikes firstly said impact region, resulting in more directopening of the door. 13. The double door of claim 12 wherein each sideof the first portion of each first and second door vane member extendsfor a horizontal distance greater than the adjoined second portion ofeach first and second door vane member.

14. The double door of claim 12 wherein each side of the first portionof each first and second door vane member extends for a horizontaldistance less than the adjoined second portion of each first and seconddoor vane member.

15. Thedouble door of claim 12 which includes restraining means toprevent each side of the second portion from making an angle with thefirst portion of each first and second door vane member greater thanthepredetermined angle.

16. The double door of claim 15 wherein said restraining means comprisesa reflex angle tie.

17. The double door of claim 12 which includes a resilient materialabout the outer region of angular adjoinment of the first and secondportions of each first and second door vane member.

18. The double door of claim 12 which includes about the outer region ofthe impact region a resilient material to attenuate impact energy, andan outer shielding material on said resilient material.

19. The double door of claim 12 which includes cylindrical impactrollers of resilient material vertically disposed along the angularadjoinment of the first and second portions of each first and seconddoor vane member.

20. The double door of claim 12 which includes resilient materialadjacent the cylindrical impact rollers about the impact region, theresilient material 'surrounded by a follower strip member.

21. The double door of claim 12 which includes a resilient materialdisposed within the somewhat triangular region defined by the angularadjoinment of the first and second portions of each first and seconddoor vane member.

22. The double door of claim 12 wherein the first and second portions ofeach first and second door vane member are adjoined in a manner to swingrelative to each other, and includes means within the angular adjoinmentof such portions of a shock-absorbing means and a compression means.

23. The double door of claim 12 wherein each side of the second portionis adjoined to the first portion of each first and second door vanemember at the same angular adjoinment, and the first portion of thefirst and second door vane members is essentially the same and greaterin width than the width of the second portion of the first and seconddoor vane members.

24. A double-impact swinging door which comprises:

a.- a first and second diamond-like door of claim 10;

b. a first and second vertically disposed axis, each comprising avertical axis support member disposed between the upright members of thedoorframe;

c. the first and second diamond-like doors adjoining at innermost partsthereof and adapted to swing about the first and second axis members;and

cl. the outermost parts of each diamond-like door adapted to be in aclose proximate relationship with each other when the first and seconddoors are in a closed-door relationship in the doorframe.

25. The swinging door of claim 10 which includes animpact-receiving.resilient means about the outer region of the angularadjoinment of the first and second portions.

1. A swinging door which comprises in combination: a. a doorframecomprising upright and transverse members defining a doorway; b. avertically disposed axis comprising a vertical axis support memberdisposed between the upright members of the doorframe; c. a door vanemember which comprises a first and second vane portion, and which isadapted to swing about the vertically disposed axis; d. the firstportion adjoined to the vertically disposed axis for movement of thedoor vane member about said axis; e. each side of the first and secondportions being in a continuous plan; f. the first portion adjoined tothe second portion; g. the outermost part of the second portion adaptedto be placed in a closed-door relationship with the doorframe; h. eachside of the second portion making an angle with the first portion ofbetween 90* and 175*; i. the angular adjoinment of the first and secondportions directed toward the flow of impact traffic through the doorway;and j. the angular adjoinment of the first and second vane portionspositioned aside the center of and within the doorway when the door vanemember is in a closed-door position with the doorframe.
 2. The door ofclaim 1 wherein the angle is approximately 140*.
 3. The door of claim 1wherein the first and second portions are of essentially uniformthickness.
 4. The door of claim 1 wherein each side of the first portionextends for a horizontal distance greater than the adjoined secondportion.
 5. The door of claim 1 wherein each side of the first portionextends for a horizontal distance less than the adjoined second portion.6. The door of claim 1 which includes an impact-receiving resilientmaterial about the outer region of the angular adjoinment of the firstand second portions.
 7. The door of claim 1 which includes a resilientmaterial positioned within the somewhat tRiangular region defined by theadjoinment of the first and second portions.
 8. The door of claim 1which includes restraining means to prevent each side of the secondportion from making an angle with the first portion greater than thepredetermined angle.
 9. The door of claim 8 wherein the restrainingmeans comprises a reflex angle tie.
 10. A swinging door which comprisesin combination: a. a doorframe comprising upright and transverse membersdefining a doorway; b. a vertically disposed axis comprising a verticalaxis support member disposed between the upright members of thedoorframe; c. a first door vane member which comprises a first andsecond vane portion, and which is adapted to swing about the verticallydisposed axis, i. the first portion adjoined to the vertically disposedaxis for movement of the door vane member about said axis, ii. each sideof the first and second portions being in a continuous plane, iii. thefirst portion adjoined to the second portion, iv. the outermost part ofthe second portion adapted to be placed in a closed-door relationshipwith the doorframe, v. each side of the second portion making an anglewith the firt portion of between 90* and 175*; d. a second door vanemember comprising a first and second vane portion, i. the first portionof the second door vane member adjoined to the vertically disposed axisfor movement of the second door vane member with the first door vanemember about said axis, ii. each side of the first and second portionsof the second door vane member being in a continuous plane, iii. thefirst portion of the second door vane member adjoined to the secondportion of the second door vane member, iv. the outermost part of thesecond portion of the second door vane member in a closed-doorrelationship with the doorframe, and in a close relationship with theoutermost part of the second portion of the first door vane member, soas to define a somewhat diamond-like space between the first and seconddoor vane members, v. each side of the second portion of the second doorvane member making an angle with the first portion of the second doorvane member of between 90* and 175*; and e. the angular adjoinment ofthe first and second portions of the second door vane member directedaway from the angular adjoinment of the first and second portions of thefirst door vane member.
 11. The door of claim 10 wherein each side ofthe second portion is adjoined with the first portion at an angle ofapproximately 140* for each first and second door vane member, and thefirst and second portions of each first and second door vane member areof essentially uniform thickness.
 12. A double-impact door whichcomprises in combination: a. a doorframe comprising upright andtransverse members defining a doorway; b. a first and second verticallydisposed axis, each comprising a vertical axis support member disposedbetween the upright members of the doorframe; c. a first and second doorvane member, each comprising a first and second portion, the first doorvane member adapted to swing about the first vertically disposed axis,and the second door vane member adapted to swing about the secondvertically disposed axis; d. the first portion of each first and seconddoor vane member is adjoined to the first and second vertically disposedaxes respectively for separate movement of the first and second doorvane members about said axes; e. each side of the first and secondportions of each first and second door vane member being in a continuousplane; f. the first portion of each first and second door vane memberadjoined to the second portion of each first and second door vanemember, respectively; g. the outermost part of the second portion ofeach first and second door vane member in a close proximity relationshipwith each other when each door vane member is in a closed-door position;h. each side of the second portion of each first and second door vanemember making an angle between 90* and 175* with the first portion ofeach first and second door vane member, respectively; i. the first andsecond door vane members in a nonplanar relationship when the outermostportions of the vane members are in a closed-door relationship withinthe doorway; and j. the angular adjoinment of the first and secondportions of each door vane member defining a somewhat triangular impactregion extending outwardly towards the flow of traffic, whereby trafficapproaching the doorway strikes firstly said impact region, resulting inmore direct opening of the door.
 13. The double door of claim 12 whereineach side of the first portion of each first and second door vane memberextends for a horizontal distance greater than the adjoined secondportion of each first and second door vane member.
 14. The double doorof claim 12 wherein each side of the first portion of each first andsecond door vane member extends for a horizontal distance less than theadjoined second portion of each first and second door vane member. 15.The double door of claim 12 which includes restraining means to preventeach side of the second portion from making an angle with the firstportion of each first and second door vane member greater than thepredetermined angle.
 16. The double door of claim 15 wherein saidrestraining means comprises a reflex angle tie.
 17. The double door ofclaim 12 which includes a resilient material about the outer region ofangular adjoinment of the first and second portions of each first andsecond door vane member.
 18. The double door of claim 12 which includesabout the outer region of the impact region a resilient material toattenuate impact energy, and an outer shielding material on saidresilient material.
 19. The double door of claim 12 which includescylindrical impact rollers of resilient material vertically disposedalong the angular adjoinment of the first and second portions of eachfirst and second door vane member.
 20. The double door of claim 12 whichincludes resilient material adjacent the cylindrical impact rollersabout the impact region, the resilient material surrounded by a followerstrip member.
 21. The double door of claim 12 which includes a resilientmaterial disposed within the somewhat triangular region defined by theangular adjoinment of the first and second portions of each first andsecond door vane member.
 22. The double door of claim 12 wherein thefirst and second portions of each first and second door vane member areadjoined in a manner to swing relative to each other, and includes meanswithin the angular adjoinment of such portions of a shock-absorbingmeans and a compression means.
 23. The double door of claim 12 whereineach side of the second portion is adjoined to the first portion of eachfirst and second door vane member at the same angular adjoinment, andthe first portion of the first and second door vane members isessentially the same and greater in width than the width of the secondportion of the first and second door vane members.
 24. A double-impactswinging door which comprises: a. a first and second diamond-like doorof claim 10; b. a first and second vertically disposed axis, eachcomprising a vertical axis support member disposed between the uprightmembers of the doorframe; c. the first and second diamond-like doorsadjoining at innermost parts thereof and adapted to swing about thefirst and second axis members; and d. the outermost parts of eachdiamond-like door adapted to be in a close proximate relationship witheach other when the first and second doors are in a closed-doorrelationship in the doorframe.
 25. The swinging door of claim 10 whichincludes an impact-receiving resilient means about the outer region ofthe angular adjoinment of the first and second portions.